We are arriving at the end of an era that has guided the ICT for the last century. Quite remarkably, many of the remarkable engineering breakthroughs in Communication (the famous “G” era) and Computing (the famous “Moore’s” era) were based on quite old Basics. Indeed, the Nyquist Sampling theorem dates back to 1924, the Shannon’s Law to 1948 and the Von Neumann Architecture to 1946. Today, we are desperately lacking guidance for new engineering solutions as we have approached those limits and there is a need for the whole industry to take its share of responsibility by re-investing massively in the fundamentals to revive a new century of engineering progress. In this talk, we will re-discuss the assumptions made a century ago and provide a research roadmap showcasing the fundamental role of Mathematics and Physics to unlock the theoretical barriers.